Snowden devotes Chapter Four to an overall analysis of the position of and attitudes toward blacks in antiquity.  The obvious questions to consider are what his main thesis in this chapter is, and whether he has presented sufficient evidence and argument to convince you. But alongside and often connected to that thesis there are a number of other questions to be considered as well; I suggest here only a few and urge you to come to class with questions of your own:

• What are Snowden’s explanations for the ancient attitude toward blacks and do they seem convincing to you?
• Clearly the ancients noticed differences in skin color; if those differences did not have the same significance in the ancient world as they do in modern America, what significance did they have? 
• What difference, if any, did Christianity (or Isaic worship) have on the significance attached to skin color differences?